Yom Hashoah (Holocaust Memorial Day) : . This day has been designated by Israel's Knesset, or Parliament, as a memorial to the 6 million Jews killed by the Nazis in their program of mass extermination of all Jews in Germany and the countries under German occupation. This program, building on long-standing anti-Semitism, began with arrests and imprisonment of Jews in the early 1930's and extended in the 1940's to forcing Jews into slave labor camps and extermination in death camps such as Treblinka, Sobibor, and Auschwitz.